Business continuity and disaster recovery planning

Business congruity and calamity recuperation arranging Business congruity plan and Disaster recuperation plan is action to assist association with getting ready for problematic occasions and it is basic to think about the likely effect of fiasco and comprehend the hidden dangers. In this my examination, I investigate business coherence arranging and Disaster recuperation arranging and its significance on the side of activity and set up to oversee accessibility of basic procedure in case of interference. Presentation Business progression arranging (BCP) and debacle recuperation arranging (DRP) is an indispensable job in the association. These plans are fundamental to the prosperity of an association and foreseen to ensure security despite sudden or troublesome circumstance. Getting ready for these conditions isn't in every case legitimately ahead neither distinguishes suitable purpose of data, items, and administrations. These errands are likewise testing and work of the arrangement itself. These plans has arrangement of data and direction to distinguish the reasonable apparatuses and utilized in the opportune time. Association has made this arrangement itself and important to think about the potential effects of calamity and perceive the key dangers and assemble BCP and DRP. Following these exercises the arrangement itself must be built no little assignment. This itself should then be kept up, tried and inspected to guarantee that it stays proper to the requirements of the association. These plans are determined to consider every one of these issues and discover the product to help with BIA and hazard examination alongside interface the devices to assist with making, keep up, and review the arrangement itself. (BCP, 2004) BCP and DRP are huge to the unmistakable and proceed with activity of all sort of business. BCP includes building up a response technique for association react to catastrophe. Calamity happens through force disappointment, mishap, normal, IT framework Clash, insider assaults, hacking, fear mongering and so forth. (Barney, 2010) BCP check how association will take to keep up its tasks in crisis and distinguish expected calamities or crises, confirm how mean to limit the danger of fiasco happen, making plan response, test BCP consistently. These procedures expect increment significance as association become progressively dependent on innovation to work together. As organizations place more accentuation on IT and interchanges administrations to help their client correspondences and exchanges, or to help oversee gracefully chains. They become less open minded of data and administration misfortune as an outcome of debacles. (4service, 2010) This examination work manage business congruity plan will keep business ready for action through interference of any sort of debacle and backing of activities and build up to oversee accessibility of basic procedure. 1.1 Identify and fundamentally investigate business coherence and its significance in business condition, recognize business congruity (BC) and calamity recuperation (DR) arranging. Business Continuity Business congruity arranging distinguishes the presentation of association inward and outer dangers and makes data advantages for give helpful counteraction and recuperation to the association and keep up efficient advantage and estimation of framework respectability and perform strategies, systems, procedures, and plans to guarantee the proceed with work in the association. Business congruity plan take to forestall disturbance of basic administrations and reestablish work as quickly and easily. Business congruity arranging builds up the business capacity to react to such disturbance and resume tasks so as to meet business huge need. BCP Importance in business condition Business progression is a procedure develop to counter framework disappointment. On the off chance that IT framework falls flat, its significant effect in general business thus association should check out beginning business progression plan for IT frameworks. A business congruity plan for your IT frameworks ought to incorporate game plans for giving: Offices and administrations to empower the business to keep on working; The basic IT applications and foundation important to help the recuperation of business forms. (Varney, 2010) It is significant the BCP plan is clear and brief to guarantee to each client read it and manufacture accessible to all staff liable for any piece of it and it is beginning of progressing duty and furthermore update the business congruity plan. (Varney, 2010) Recognize BCP and DRP Business Continuity Planning Catastrophe Recovery Planning Business Continuity is Proactive; Catastrophe Recovery is Reactive; BCP center is to keep away from or moderate the effect of the hazard; DRP center is to get the part and restore the association to business following danger happens; BCP has as its extension the whole association with basic objective being recuperation of strategic/center business capacities to ensure the perseverance of the association; DRP is regularly restricted in extension to set of characterize IT framework and foundation with objective being whole recuperation of the framework and framework inside a time span and least information misfortune; Business capacities to recoup in BCP stretch out past IT framework; DRP may avoid non-IT specialty units; (Nickolett, 2001) BCP top off the hole between the disturbance event and recuperation going on. DRP connect with a breakdown, loss of the frameworks, individuals, and offices. The disturbance can affect any or these key business inputs. 1.2 Evaluate and clarify some business most pessimistic scenario situations for hazard appraisal, survey various kinds of authoritative resources. Most pessimistic scenario situations for hazard appraisal There are many most pessimistic scenarios situations for hazard appraisal some are as underneath: Data information lost Disaster can harm the database and association misfortune secret information, for example, staff, client, merchant subtleties and other delicate data; Data framework disappointment There are many most pessimistic scenarios in data framework disappointment, for example, ignored, nature of task arranging, utilization of the board instruments, object-situated framework advancement, use programming designing devices and framework basic administrations can stop for time being and so on. (Megaessays 2010) Data resource lost Due to the feeble safety efforts Information resources can harm from catastrophic event and inner exercises in the association; Catastrophic event Natural calamity are sudden and it is difficult to completely recuperate the harm brought about by the debacle however it is conceivable to limit the possible hazard by creating BCP/DRP. (Banger, 2010) Force disappointment Sometime interruption of intensity flexibly or power disappointment can stop work, administrations disappointment, breakdown and so on. It can impact in the business. There is one genuine case of the most pessimistic scenario situations for chance appraisal is Midmarket CIOs. This organization is on the seventh floor of a structure yet one day in the following office entryway the water channel broke in the workplace kitchen and sending water stream on the floor and under the divider into offices. Albeit basic servers stayed dry, the flood demolished gear that was on the workplace floor, including 10 flood defenders, six uninterruptible force supplies, six force blocks and one PC. While things were drying out and a length of wallboard was supplanted. CIOs executed DRP to capacity for all out various episode since floods, fires, power disappointments and pandemic influenza can happen. CIOs make stride back and start with chance evaluation of the considerable number of dangers business faces and utilizing hazard the board apparatuses to ascertain most pessimistic scenario situations in IT and impact potential misfortune will have on the business. (Mi dmarket, 2009) Various kinds of association resources There are following various kinds of association advantages for secure in BCP and DRP are: Work area workstation, Laptops, Servers, Printers, Scanners, Firewalls, Routers, Switches, Memory gadgets and so on; Licenses Software CDs, for example, windows, Antivirus, MS Office, programming apparatuses and backing, other working framework and so forth; Database, sites, Photo Copiers, Fax Machines, Telephone System, Multifunction machines and so forth; Paper document records like resource register, paper records, information, books, government enactment, arrangements and systems, client information and delicate information and so on; Electronic records, for example, messages, association shared drives and individual drives, DVDs, CDs, Memory sticks and so forth; Maps, drawers, seats, work areas, cupboards, and so on; Qualified staffs, Record the board, and so forth; Machines, Plants, building, fire quenchers and so on. 1.3 Explain basically calamity recuperation business case, list down and evaluate required documentation for BCP and DRP. Calamity recuperation business case The most basic pieces of any IT plan clarify the business case and survey of the likely dangers to the association. There are eight after venture steps in Disaster Recovery Planning in business are: Step-1: Project presentation Set the destinations of the DRP inception, characterize the extension, create, plan and distinguish the hazard to the task; Step-2: Assess of Disaster Recovery Assess of area, building organization, registering condition, physical plant security, introduced security gadgets, get to control framework, programming, individual, reinforcement, and working practices; Step-3: Business Impact Analysis for IT Analysis of all piece of specialty units to help by the IT territories ought to accept to recognize the framework and its capacities to continuation of the business and as far as possible; Step-4: Define of prerequisites All necessities must be characterized and nitty gritty; Step-5: Plan the task venture arranging will characterize the undertaking to be executed and its destinations will build up the DRP; Step-6: Execute the undertaking Project must continue to practices of venture the executives and recognize the strategies for relieving the hazard will execute; Step-7: BCP mix DRP needs to consolidate back in to the associations business coherence endeavors; Step-8: progressing upkeep and mix Ongoing support and testing endeavors require keeping the pla

Technology Audit & Technology Assessment

Question: Portray about the Technology Audit Technology Assessment. Answer: Presentation Audi is one of the main vehicle makers that produce top notch premium vehicles with present day plans. The organization is at present working in more than 100 markets of the world. It has a few assembling units in Germany, Belgium, Hungary, and China. 3D printing is an added substance fabricating innovation in which articles are created utilizing layer by layer option of little nano estimated particles. This report would investigate the idea of 3D printing, its applications, its confinements and industry situation. Audi is one association that has embraced 3D printing for printing its parts and hence, in the intelligent segment of this report, the instance of Audi would be investigated and a structure for innovation appropriation of 3D printing would be made for Audi as a car brand. This structure would be founded on the comprehension of the idea found out about innovation the board in the course educational program. Article Summaries Added substance Manufacturing: The impacts of 3D printing The paper investigated worldwide open doors for 3D printing thinking about shoppers, SMEs, and enormous partnerships. The innovation is now utilized in specialties and activity by buyers, clinical administrations, automobile parts and toys fabricating by SMEs and modern RD by enormous partnerships. Organizations have additionally begun to utilize it for array, food, bikes, life science investigations, and force instruments. A few applications are as yet being looked into, for example, organ substitution and customer electronics(KANDELA, 2015). In added substance fabricating exceptionally little parts of the size of 100 nanometers are made and kept to make an item. At first, the innovation was utilized distinctly for mockups and prototyping however now its utilization is spread to creation of completed parts just as items. 3D printing can deliver light weight materials at lower costs. Researchers today are investigating on the off chance that it very well may be utilized to deliver self-arranging materials that can change shape dependent on the adjustments in the earth. 3D printing is developing quick today and is required to reach $5 billion deals by one year from now, 2017. Significant enterprises utilizing it incorporate car, modern, aviation, and human services. 3D printing has numerous advantages just as difficulties that were depicted in detail in this paper, for example, the advantages of economical single thing prototyping, decreased lead times, and fast advancement, and difficulties of reliance on printer speed, restrictions on materials, and significant expense of creation in enormous volumes. 3D printing reception system was introduced in the paper that distinguished advances including building up activity, putting resources into the innovation, making a system, changing association as for aptitudes and capacities, and usage of innovation(Halmes Pierreu, 2014). The Impact of 3D Printing on the Automotive Sector Elements like proceeds with enhancements in assembling forms, terminating licenses, and more current procedures of assembling, for example, 3D printing have made a few open doors for car associations and more up to date shopper sections are rising therefore. With the utilization of 3D printing, fabricating parts and instruments can be delivered at lower costs. 3D printing has got a lot of media consideration and questions have been raised on its capability to supplant conventional assembling forms. This report investigated different organizations cases to analyze how 3D printing advancements like those gave by Stratsys and 3D frameworks are being utilized in car sectors(IHS, 2015). By what method will 3D printing make your organization the most grounded interface in the worth chain? 37% of German organizations have just embraced 3D printing innovation for improving their gracefully chains while 12% are wanting to receive. Conventional machines and materials are being supplanted by that 3D printed. This has helped organizations in two different ways - produce lightweight or complex segments that improve the nature of the item and permitting customization even in low volume creation. Further, 3D printing makes an adaptable and minimal effort creation process for save parts that can help companys turnaround their flexibly chains. In any case, there are still a few boundaries to its reception, for example, significant level of starting speculation and specialized constraints on size, shading and material printing. However, in light of its maintainability potential and cost adequacy, organizations have begun to embrace it in enormous numbers. Operational models of organizations utilizing 3D printing as the assembling procedure can include a securing of an office, joint foundation, or utilization of existing 3D printing system of providers. The decision of operational model is reliant on esteem include by process, need for in-house creation, cost of usage, etc. 3D printing can help an organization at three levels: Supply chain tasks that can be made more savvy and proficient with decrease of transportation and inventories; item planning through new structures and utilization of customization; and friends through expansion of plans of action and worth chain re-positioning(EY, 2016). The Current Status and Impact of 3D Printing - An Analysis of Six Case Studies The paper discusses a few advantages of 3D printing, for example, diminished need of fixed resources, ease creation even in low volumes, and capacity to effectively deliver complex shapes in parts. It likewise featured significant utilizations of 3D printing, for example, customer items, clinical items, business equipment, and toys. The paper likewise examined protected innovation ramifications of supplanting conventional parts with 3D printed parts. According to European Design Directive while creating another part with 3D printing, it ought to have new structure and should likewise have separate individual qualities that don't coordinate with existing produces made utilizing licensed customary assembling forms. The paper introduced some contextual analyses on various markets included car, local machines, and modified products. Car showcase contextual analysis secured 3DP parts, car secondary selling, added substance producing drivers, AM restrictions, and information contemplations. Local apparatuses use cases were depicted. It was discovered that Am introduced some momentary open doors in car creation however parts delivered can't completely recreate generally delivered parts. In household apparatuses creation, 3D printing is still significantly utilized for DIY items and its utilization for creation of extra parts is still in the early phase of selection. The paper additionally featured the way that purchasers have begun to go about as planners with the utilization of 3D printing arrangements like MakiLab, UCODO, and N-E-R-V-O-U-S framework clearing a path for some online creation tools(Reeves Mendis, 2015). The 3D opportunity in the car business 3D printing has changed the manner in which organizations configuration, create, fabricate and circulate items. Added substance producing is significantly utilized by Original Equipment Manufacturers for quick prototyping. OEMs in car division are not many because of high passage boundaries yet rivalry in providers is high as there are over $1.5 trillion providers of parts and extras of car segment. Added substance Manufacturing can turn into a distinct advantage while considering the opposition between the makers as it give a wellspring of development, can diminish generally expenses of creation, lessen lead times, and decrease multifaceted nature of flexibly chain. While considering the worth gave by AM, there can be execution exchange offs like capital versus scale and capital versus scope. On the off chance that an organization utilizes less of capital is as yet ready to accomplish the scale, it can influence the arrangement of flexibly chain and on the off chance that it can accomplish a more prominent extension with it, the effect would be on item design(Wahlstrm Sahlstrm, 2016). While utilizing AM, organizations can take any of the four strategic ways from improving worth conveyance, change flexibly chains, accomplish advancement with execution improvement, or modify both gracefully chain and items. Most car organizations are as of now on the way 1 or balance which includes just enhancements in esteem conveyance and no extreme changes are made. In this way of appropriation of 3D printing, organizations use it for item structure enhancements, fast prototyping, modifying devices, and diminishing tooling costs. In future, organizations are probably going to receive way III and IV with progressively complex structuring, creation cost decrease, improvement in showcase responsiveness, and formation of littler flexibly chains. There are some key drivers to appropriation of AM, for example, more prominent decision in material and their properties, diminished preprocessing, and improved nature of AM fabricated item. There are additionally sure difficulties, for example, low volume creation, confinements on creation of huge parts, lack of ability, and worries of protected innovation rights. In spite of these difficulties, AM can possibly bolster car organizations through progress in execution and through innovation(Giffi, Gangula, Illinda, 2014). System An innovation reception and the executives structure might be utilized for portraying the receiving of 3D printing innovation by Audi producing association. Before going into the innovation appropriation by any association, a world view might be utilized for understanding its present tasks and their association with the outer condition and the business. The World view makes limits of information in any region of innovation including smaller scale condition which investigates the association, its clients and rivals, and large scale condition investigates industry patterns, innovation patterns, and political patterns. Utilizing the model, Audi as an organization and car industry can be investigating concerning 3D printing as a potential innovation to embrace for assembling. Car industry is moving towards the utilization of 3D printing for making little parts that can be utilized while collecting vehicles underway line. Nonetheless, basic parts that head inside

Ask Yourself These 4 Questions Before Volunteering Abroad - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts

Ask Yourself These 4 Questions Before Volunteering Abroad - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts Ask Yourself These 4 Questions Before Volunteering Abroad Ask Yourself These 4 Questions Before Volunteering Abroad Many high school students engage in community service abroad, whether it be on mission trips with churches, schools, clubs, or family. Not all students, however, sit down to seriously ponder what the experience means to them and what they hope to both give to and get out of it. Volunteering in a foreign country can be a wonderful opportunity to help others while developing your own sense of self, but, as has been addressed by everyone from Frank Bruni to Harvard University, service is also something college applicants have come to see as application capital as much as, or even more than, an opportunity to contribute to and change the world for the better.  When the motivation to volunteer comes from the wrong place, it can actually do more harm than good; which is why it’s important to ask yourself the following four questions to make sure you’re engaging in service for the right reasons: 1. Would you volunteer abroad if no one knew? If you’re taking advantage of every selfie moment to capture and display the beautiful scenery crumbling and members of the local community who have taken a liking to you, you are probably not spending enough energy building a real rapport with the community and putting in the elbow grease and mental energy it takes to truly make a difference. Your choice to volunteer in a developing country should be one that comes from honest intentions and your desire to make a positive impact on the world. You shouldn’t be doing it to craft your image on social media. Put the camera down and open your heart to some good old-fashioned in-person connection. 2. Is the agency a legitimate and transparent organization? They’re helping people in need, how could they be bad?! We understand this mindset, but the world of nonprofit organizations can be surprisingly tricky to navigate. Some nonprofits use their funds more efficiently and effectively than others.  Investigate how the organization budgets its funds. What percentage of funds raised do they keep for themselves? Confirm that there are initiatives and specific plans and activities in place before you arrive at your destination. You can’t make the most of a service trip if there is no structure to your program. If an organization is professional and responsible, they will also take proper precautions by screening you if you are to work with children and engage in other measures to ensure your safety and the safety of those you’re travelling to serve. 3. Are you qualified to be doing what you signed up for? We know you’re young and sprightly (unlike your essay Advisor who just finished eating a Family Size bag of Doritos), but do you have the physical ability to build the houses you’ve signed up for? Do you not do well in the heat, or are you recovering from a physical injury that will prevent you from lifting heavy objects? If you’ve signed up to teach math to young children, do you have mastery over the subjects you will need to teach? These questions may sound silly, but there are so many volunteer programs out there: make sure you’re volunteering for one that allows you to contribute in a meaningful way. Think about your assets and personal strengths when you search for these opportunities to ensure you’re maximizing your impact. If you only consider the locations you want to visit and the organization you want to put on your resume, you will be doing yourself and a community in need of a particular skill a disservice. It is also important to consider whether or not you ha ve the ability to impart lasting impact to a community. If you are qualified to teach others how to build or teach, you can help communities build more self-sufficient ecosystems and make them less reliant on outside help in the future, which should be the ultimate goal. 4. Would you do this job in your own community? This is closely related to the point above, but is this cause one you’re truly invested in? So much so that you would spend your time helping, even if there was no far off location or adventure attached to the task? Also, can you do this job in your own town as in, can you help your immediate community without spending time and money and fuel to travel halfway around the world, and would your contributions would be appreciated just as much at home? It is important to crunch the numbers and weight these factors as you decide where to invest yourself. It may make for a less exotic social media post, but if your local community could use your passion and expertise, it may make more sense on a global and  economic level for you to invest your expertise and energy close to home. Volunteering is, at its core, a fantastic way to use your time, skills, and innate compassion to help others. It’s up to you, however, to make sure that you’re doing it the right way and for the right reasons. Do your research, put some true thought into why you feel strongly about contributing abroad, and make sure you will be making a lasting positive impact on people’s lives. If you’re participating for the “likes,” you’re probably better off staying home. About Kat StubingView all posts by Kat Stubing » Ready to start your college essay? Give College Essay Academy a Try. WATCH CHAPTER 1 FOR FREE »

7 Habits of Highly Effective People (Book Review)

Habit 1: Be Proactive According to Stephen Covey, the unique trait that we, people, are separated from animals is the ability to think about our very thought process or what we call, â€Å"self-awareness†. In the social mirror, it was stated that seeing our own selves is like facing the crazy mirror room in the carnival. Our reactions are based on the opinions, perceptions, and the paradigm of others about us. But self-awareness enables us to stand apart and examine even the way we â€Å"see† ourselves – our self-paradigm, the most fundamental paradigm of effectiveness. It affects not only our attitudes and behavior, but also how we see other people. There are three social maps or three theories of determinism widely accepted, independently or†¦show more content†¦They are always in focused and they didn’t let their environment to empower them. They believe in Eleanor Roosevelt’s words, â€Å"No one can hurt you without your consent† or Gandhi’s p rinciple which states, â€Å"They cannot take away our self respect if we do not give it to them.† Our response to what happened to us affects us more than what actually happened. We can choose to use difficult situations to build our character and develop the ability to better handle such situations in the future. Being proactive means assessing the situation and developing a positive response for it. We should expand our Circle of Influences not reduce it and focus on expanding our Circle of Concerns because proactive people do focus their efforts in the Circle of Influences. Insights: I have come to realized that self-awareness is very essential for us, human beings. It is a gift from our Creator that we should cherish and a possession that we should be proud of. It is the unique trait that separates us from animals. Because of this, we always have the freedom to choose, the power to choose the right response in a particular stimulus. Let’s take Frankl’s story as an inspiration. We must learn how to make difference. We must stand with our own beliefs. And our reactions and behaviors should not be affected by the environment around us. We must stop from being a reactive people, who keeps on blaming other people for their behavior.Show MoreRelatedBook Review of The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People801 Words   |  3 PagesThe 7 Habits of Highly Effective People Tuesdays with Morrie: Personal Change and Lifes Great Lessons Stephen Covey talks about seven habits that one can practice in order to achieve both personal and professional success in The 7Habits of Highly Effective People (1989). He defines these habits as the intersection of knowledge, skill and desire. 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Personal Business Philosophy The Purpose Of Business

Personal Business Philosophy The purpose of business, in addition to making money, is production. I believe that production is the purpose of business because it means the production or manufacturing from components or raw materials to produce something new. When you create a product from new materials, new products are created that may make it easier for society to benefit from. Imagine a world where we could only access the materials, tools, and resources that were in walking distance of our living area. I can only imagine that it was hard back in the 1800s for people to get the medicine they needed, the food they needed, or even clothes to wear. Henry Ford has a great opinion on the fact that many people are not fit to do every job, and he touches on the idea of people producing for an exchange of goods that they need. He said, â€Å"It is self – evident that a majority of people in the world are not mentally – even if they are physically – capable of making a good living. 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The mission statementRead MoreMarketing from the Inside Essay1519 Words   |  7 Pagesan ongoing concern of management in many business markets today, and the value concept is considered one of the most popular constructs among business managers and academia† (Grà ¶nroos, 1997). The objective of this paper is to understand marketing as a business philosophy, as well as customer value and the link between these two elements. The business, Village â€Å"Gold Class† Cinemas will be used to elaborate these concepts. Marketing as a business philosophy In recent years, the concept of marketingRead MorePersonal Philosophy, Mission and Organizational Ethics741 Words   |  3 PagesPersonal, cultural, and professional values and ethics drive the decision making processes for most individuals and businesses in our society. Ethics reflect our morals and how we apply concepts in deciding right from wrong behaviors. Ethical awareness is critical for how we conduct our lives and make choices in the workplace and by defining personal and ethical values, individual and business alike can become more productive members of society. Whether consciously considered or not, every humanRead MoreLeadership Theories And Philosophies Of Case, Kouzes, And Drucker1689 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: There are many leadership theories and philosophies currently used to describe the different principles and strategies by various leaders to drive their decision making and actions in the business world. A common perception about leaders is that they are born and not made. This theory often portrays great leaders as destined to rise to leadership. However, there are many different classifications of other commonly used leadership theories which include trait theories

Newsreel subject area †Newfoundland Free Essays

The third place among the developed countries means responsibility for peace, support to needed and burden that is laid by global unions and associations to Canada. It is a front line, without any place to step back. But, all these duties and obligations may weaken Canadian ‘body’ if there is no inner support and strength. We will write a custom essay sample on Newsreel subject area – Newfoundland or any similar topic only for you Order Now Destruction always follows up division and the core factor to avoid it is to submit provincial powers to single governmental authority. Disregarding the Conservatives’ opposition, Canadian government took actions to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions. On October, 2006, Liberals made the first attempt to meet Kyoto goals and introduced the Tory bill that would regulate auto industry and oil and gas sector, and apply fines and jail terms in cases of industrial over-pollution. It was supposed that smog levels and emissions would be cut by 45 to 64 percent from 2010 to 2050 and next four years were aimed at short- and long-term schedules for industries to cut emissions. Still, ‘if production increases, the overall amount of greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants could grow’ (CBC News, October 19, 2006). Thus, the bill was called ‘economy-devastating’ and declared invalid (CBC, February 14, 2007). Today Baird said â€Å"the government will explore emission credit trading with the U.S. and Mexico† (CBC, CBC, April 25, 2007), along with domestic trading, technological investments and cleaning development. The details and expenses to cover were not revealed, but, the nearest future will disclose a standstill or headway of the government. As a democratic country, Canada turned to be among those countries, which compose the International Assistance Force and, since 2001, were involved in democratic process in Afghanistan. Canada’s military mission included post-war assistance, heavy weapons cantonment, demining, training, along with loans to individuals (CBC, November 1, 2006). In 2006, Canadian soldiers were elected to operate two more years. This fatal vote engraved 46 military and one diplomat, comparing to total 55 soldiers, in nation’s memory (CBC, April  20, 2007). Eight of them were killed in one week: â€Å"six were killed on Easter Sunday, while two were killed three days later (CBC, April 25, 2007). According to â€Å"The Telegram†, all soldiers, who died of roadside bomb explosions, were from Atlantic Canada, ‘including Newfoundlanders Donald Lucas and Kevin Kennedy (April 25, 2007). These soldiers will be honored by 5,000 people in New Brunswick on Wednesday. The facts show that democracy, as any other good, is paved with thorns, rather than roses. Fishery Products International was formed in 1984 in Newfoundland; therefore, rural province was given a chance to raise inner economy. Nevertheless, workers, who were standing for the company, were left without a contract since March 31, 2005 (CBC, April 22, 2007). Overseas competition resulted in labor costs’ $2 cut and a strike. The Fish, Food and Allied Workers union agreed on a $1.06 reduction, yet workers voted against the agreement and were ready to ‘starve to death on the picket line’ (CBC, April 23, 2007), rather than work. Their devotion passes unnoticed on top; thus, current wages $13.66/hour remains open till the strike deadline on April 30 (CBC, April 25, 2007). Residents of Newfoundland’s Daniels’ Harbor run the risk of slides, when the cliff based in clay become eroded at the bottom (CBC, April 19, 2007); while twelve of them were evacuated. Five buildings, one business and a highway were affected by the series of slides and were waiting for the officials, who faced this kind of emergency for the first time. Victims of the disaster are expecting financial aid from Emergency Measures Office to rebuild new homes (CBC, April 20, 2007); but public is also welcomed to contribute its share to the Daniel’s Harbor Disaster Fund. The outcome of a possible destruction of other structures was another evacuation, ordered by Newfoundland’s officials (CBC April 25, 2007). The planned girls’ ball hockey championship finally starts on April 27 in Bonavista. School Sports Newfoundland and Labrador sponsors provincial girls and awaits the  championship banner and medals that will be gained through the series of games on Friday and Saturday. Moreover, sponsors have nominated individual players, who will ‘receive an individual sportsmanship medal’ (â€Å"The Telegram†, April 25, 2007). Surfing forums of the National Magazine, I took the one that exactly fits the articles, mentioned above. I’ve marked four subdivisions in the National News forum that will be listed in descending order: politics (8 threads), society (5 threads), and both economy and environment hold three threads. The top issue of the day for Canadians is decentralization of Canada. Quebec that is looking for the ‘freedom from external authority’ (Halonen, March 30, 2007), along with British Columbia and Ontario seems to stay aside from the needed regions and equal payments. Posts ‘for’ the split are united by the idea of self-government and all-sufficient autonomy, turning the blind eye towards the inner competition and ashes that will follow the years of separation. Lack of a domestic freer trade does not mean that Canada has ‘screwed itself’ (Newgold8, April 16, 2007), because of the positive trade balance, comparing to the U.S.’ and EU’s negative ones, and surplus that covers national debt (DennisP, April 12, 2007). Posts ‘against’ modernization and smaller chunks prove that Canada will stay in its leading position only if the play will go on collectively, not separately. ‘Decentralize †¦ and you lose one of the incentives for the provinces to play nice with each other’ (ThinkOrThwim, April 7, 2007). Canada is a country of democrats, who wish they would veto seal hunt and destruction of fisheries, separatism, anti-Semitism, along with global warming, military issues and capitalism, if only they could be united, which is the greatest contrast with the U.S. Yet, they are the patriots, like we are; but, inter-provincial separation makes them inwardly focused more that outwardly. My life in Canada seems to be more stable, aside of terrorism, hurricanes and taxes that are spend on weapons and national defense. Works Cited The Canadian Press. Thousands Expected to Attend Memorial Service For Fallen Canadian Soldiers. Online. The Telegram. Internet. April 25, 2007. Available: https://www.thetelegram.com/news/newfoundland-and-labrador-1994-crab-quota-agreement-not-a-contract-judge-287177    How to cite Newsreel subject area – Newfoundland, Essay examples

Public Health Policy and Society Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Public Health Policy and Society. Answer: Introduction A brief introduction to public health policy and society Public health policies are those policies that intend to define procedures and guidelines that are used to govern or allocate resources towards attainment a particular goal in health. Public health policy is the interplay of factors such as politics, power and public interest that influence government allocation of resources to the public. Public policy is a normal product of government strategic goal intended to better health care with Australia or to a specific community. Health policies are always intended to a particular society, for instance, indigenous communities living in Australia. Since coming into office the government of Australia through the ministry of health has developed many health policies that aim to better service provision, improve healthcare or target specific disadvantage group of people within Australia. For instance, one of the public health policies developed through the ministry of health is rural healthcare policy with focus on indigenous marginal communit ies such as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The following essay seeks to explore the importance of policy for health and example of health policies within Australia. Rural And Remote Healthcare Policy One of the government of Australian health priority include focusing on rural healthcare initiative that concentrate on marginalized communities such as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities (Rickards, 2011). This is due to poor health conditions that these communities lives in yet currently the government through various healthcare initiative has been reaching these people in their rural areas. Rural and remote healthcare policy has been the key pillar for Shed initiative at Mt Druitt and healthcare promotions that are seen across the country. Statistics show that there is improvement since the inception of rural and remote healthcare policy in Australia through the ministry of health (Britnell, 2015). Rural and remote healthcare policy ensures those communities living within remote areas are reached for the purpose of better healthcare. What is health Health refers to the state of competency within the physical, mental and social wellness without infirmity or disease. According to WHO, health is dynamic conditions arising from body adaptation and adjusting to the changing environment and stress through maintenance of equilibrium. This definition gives the relationship between human body and the environment through interaction. Adapting to changes may be due to challenging physical, mental or social challenges which in a broad sense leading to health challenges. In this sense, environmental and body interaction play a critical role in the health status of an individual since the two are related to socio-economic conditions a phenomenon called Salutogenesis. In addition, dynamic conditions people live in may include social and economic conditions such as housing, employment status and access to food or education (Golembiewski, 2012). Health interaction with the environment Salutogenesis refers to those factors that encourage or foster wellness and health in an individual. Salutogenesis may include interacting with things that are part of environment people live in and highly require proper handling to turn them into good healthy things. For instance, the way an individual reacts to various factors in the environment one lives in will determines the wellness and the health status of that individual. This association particularly called health environment interaction. In addition, health interaction with environment allows those people especially men to draw nourishing for life from activities they do and the environment they lives in (Lindmark, Wagman, Whlin Rolander, 2016). Salutogenesis approach is used to address social determinant of the health of Aboriginal men in Mt Druitt. Within this community, the environment that these men live has a direct influence on the health status especially depression leading to death. The characteristic of environment that Aboriginal men live in has massive cultural influence and this is connected to the health status of these marginalized men. The cultural influence as an environment interacts with the living conditions of men leading to health status. The pride that forms the basis of the culture of Aboriginal men is highly affected by racism, incarceration, job, economic and housing insecurity leading to depression among men hence increasing the number of suicide (Lindmark, Wagman, Whlin Rolander, 2016). Social determinants of health According to WHO social determinants of health refer to life conditions under which people are born, grow, work or life and contributes to the conditions of their daily life. Some of the common determinants of health include economic policies and systems, social norms, development agendas, social policies and political systems. To make it more understandable WHO further categories this determinant into five categories that include economic stability, education, social and community context, health and healthcare and neighborhood and built environment (Pega Veale, 2015). Firstly, economic stability determines some social conditions that may include the employment of citizens, housing instability, food insecurity and poverty level within the society. Secondly, education as a social determinant of health determines the language literacy, early childhood education, the number of those people enrolling for higher education. Thirdly, social community context as number three determinant en tails discrimination, civic participation, incarceration and social cohesion within the society (Pega et al, 2017). Fourthly, health and healthcare as a social determinant of health include access to healthcare, health literacy and above all access to primary care. Finally, neighborhood and built environment is listed as the final social determinant and composes of crime and violence, environmental conditions, quality housing and access to food that support healthy eating patterns (Bahrer-Kohler, 2012). Life course perspective Life course perspective is the strategy that studies the effect of life experience on the health status of the individual in the society. Life course approach aims at the distribution of health experience across the lifespan as a way of maintains healthy conditions. Under this initiative, two factors are focused that include economic and social conditions of life that are key social determinants of health. Studies of economic and social conditions effect on health show the correlation of these life factors to certain health disorders witnessed in society today. For instance, childhood and adulthood economic or social conditions are directly related to some disorders such as diabetes, especially in adult life. Cumulative effects of course life experience at particular life stage, for instance, early childhood experience has a high effect on the later date health status (Raphael, 2010). What is policy and what is health policy What is the policy? Policy can broadly be defined as the principle of action proposed or adopted by the organization or individuals. The policy is associated with power, politics and public benefits during resources allocation or decision making. The policy is part of governance and assists in objective decision making in terms of procedure and protocols used within public organizations. In this sense, the policy does not restrict behaviors as laws yet policies guide the decision making and give the direction for implementation of procedures or protocols. The impact of policy can be felt in two different ways and these are intended effect and unintended effects. Firstly, intended effects refer to the positive intention that leads to formulate the policy. For instance, free health policies intend to better healthcare and this is the intended effect once implemented. Secondly, unintended effects refer to the negative effects of a policy that may arise from complexity with the area of implementations. For instance, the negative effect of free maternity policies for the country may lead to a reduction of cost related to maternity within the country (Raphael, 2014). What is health policy? Health policy generally refers to decisions, actions, and plans that are carried out to achieve healthcare goals within the community. Health policy can be viewed in terms of roles played by politics and power. Health policy interacts with numerous factors to contribute to success or failure of health system within the country. Politics as an ingredient for health policy massively influence the design, emergence, execution, and evaluation of health policy (Cummins, 2011). Firstly, politics and power determine processes in health governance of healthcare facilities. Secondly, politics play a critical role in the development of health policies within the country. Thirdly, politics also contribute to the evaluation of the health policies and this is also part of healthcare governance (Kajang, 2015). What can policy do improve healthcare The role of policy is inevitable within the healthcare of the country contribute greatly to improve or diminish healthcare. A major focus is based on the role of policy in improving healthcare. Firstly, policy help aligns healthcare at the top of the priority and this highly contributes to the improvement of healthcare in terms of resource allocation. Favorable healthcare policies improve the health of the country (Garathy, Stuart McNally, 2016). For instance, government policy that gives health priority to the indigenous communities such as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander improves health among these marginalized communities. Secondly, policies streamline the resource use within the healthcare leading to proper utilization of available resources for the improvement of healthcare. Thirdly, policies determine the health assessment criteria that is key to improving the effectiveness of healthcare in Australia (Buse, Mays Walt, 2012). Aboriginal Health by Mr. Shed Shed focus on the health status of marginalized or disadvantage men that include men from indigenous community of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men. In addition, the community initiative also considers unemployed men, new dads, separated men, incarcerated men and those men who are at the risk due to stress in life. These factors highly contribute to mens poor health status with others reportedly commit suicide due to stress and depression. Sheds identify some of the other factors that affect the indigenous mens health such as contemporary structural and social factors education, employment, access to service, a social network connection with land, racism and increasing imprisonment of men from these communities (Macdonald Welsh, 2012). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander are selected since they form part of marginalized men and studies show that among those men committing suicide, indigenous men from these communities form the largest number. More specifically, Shed tries to address social determinants of male suicide and these include physical health, mental health, socio-economic factors, oral health, housing and cultural wellbeing. Firstly, mental health highly contributes to a large number of depression witnessed in indigenous men leading to suicide. Secondly, housing is another negative determinant of health among men since indecency housing highly results in poor health of men in this area (Hicks Maldonado, 2016). Cultural wellbeing positively affects mens life and is associated feeling connected to cultural practices of these indigenous people. Oral health is another health issue that is addressed in Shed since poor oral health is connected to discomfort and this makes many men feel stressed up (Australia n Indigenous HealthInfoNet 2012). However, some of the social determinants that lead to better life among those male include love, meaningful work, and position in society, religious faith and belonging (Berkman Kawachi, 2014). Love is one of the ingredients that better the lives of these indigenous particularly the feeling of being loved and cared for. Position in the society is another element that highly contributes to the wellness of among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men. The sense of belonging is another critical aspect of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander more so feeling of being part of their culture. In addition, forming part their religious faith is connected to the health status of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men. Finally, meaningful work is also factors that are lifeline making the life of indigenous men's life better (Macdonald, 2010). Social Gradient: a basic social determinant of health Social determinants refer to those economic and social conditions and the impact of these factors in determining an individual or group of individuals health status. Social determinants are associated with health outcome and public policy. Some of the basic social determinants of health are a social gradient, stress, education, early life, social inclusion/exclusion, employment, income, social support, addiction, transport, and race. Education is a social determinant of health since education affects the knowledge about health and poor education is associated with poor health conditions. Secondly, early life and all the challenges that affect the early life of an individual affect their adult life. Early life determines the emotional health of the adult. Unemployment is associated with poor health and premature death since these individuals are unable to resist mental stress connected with unemployment (Braveman Gottlieb, 2014). Income or earning is another social indicator for health since income is correlated to health status and socio-economic status of an individual in the society they live in. Food and nutrition is an important social determinant of health since malnutrition is connected to poor health while good nutrition attracts good health. Addition to alcohol and other drugs affected health greatly; these results in poor health of an addict and results in health inequalities as compared to those do not take illicit drugs. Social exclusion is connected to poverty in the society and this is due to exclusion in the community resulting in premature death of many excluded individuals. Stress is another important social determinant of health since long-term stress is connected to psychological and mental problems that also result in premature death or poor health in general (Knaus, 2016). Social gradient The social gradient is the inequalities in social status that arise for the social status difference in the population. According to Braverman, Egerter, and William (2011), an individuals social and economic status highly influences their health status in the society. Social gradient cut across the society and can be classified as most and the list disadvantage in the health ladder. Health disadvantages are classified as an upper middle disadvantage and lower middle disadvantage health gradient. Firstly, upper middle disadvantage includes those highly disadvantage in health throughout the society. The lower disadvantage is individuals that least disadvantage in health as compared to other grouped within the health social gradient (Simandan, 2018). Social gradient health disadvantage can also be classified as either absolute or relative in the society. Firstly, absolute health disadvantage is where individuals have no access to health education; there is unemployment and poor living condition that contribute to poor health conditions in the society. Secondly, relative health disadvantage in the society is where an individuals has access to poor education, insecure employment, and relatively poor health conditions. The disadvantage in life may moves according to transition in life gradient within the society and people are influenced by their past health disadvantage (Council of Civil Service Union, 2004). For instance, poor childhood economic and social conditions are often associated with late adulthood health disorders. Conclusion In conclusion, policy plays an important role in governance and resource allocation within every sector to the government or organization. Health policies are, therefore, statements of intends that aim at directing the resource allocation and definition of procedures or protocols used in healthcare provision. There are social determinants of health that are directly or indirectly related to the health conditions of an individual or a group of individuals. Social and economic conditions of life are an aspect of life course perspective approach that is used to determine life disorders. One example of public health policy is rural and remote healthcare service focusing on marginalized communities of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander. The environment these people live in determines the health status of these people a phenomenon called Salutogenesis. References Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet (2012). Overview of Australian Indigenous Health status, 2013 (pp 1-15) Available at: Braverman, P., Egerter, S. William, D.R. (2011). The social determinant of health: Coming of Age Annual Review of Public Health vol. 32: 381-389 Bahrer-Kohler, S. (Eds). (2012). Social Determinant and Mental Health. New York: Nova Science Publishers Britnell, M. (2015). In Search of the Perfect Health System. London: Palgrave. p.53. Berkman, L.F. Kawachi, I. (2014). Social Epidemiology. 2nd edition. Oxford, OUP Braveman, P. Gottlieb, L., (2014). The social determinants of health: it's time to consider the causes of the causes. Public health reports, 129(1_suppl2), pp.19-31. Buse, K. Mays, N. Walt, G. (2012), The Health Policy Framework: In making health policy. Open University Press Chapter 1. Page 4-8 Council of Civil Service Union/ Cabinet Office, (2004). Work Stress and Health: The Whitehall studies II. Available at: Cummins, L. K. (2011). Policy Practice for Social Workers: New Strategies for a New Era. Pearson. Erikson, M Lindstrom, B. (2008). A Salutogenesis Interpretation of Ottawa Charter, Health Promotion International, 23(2): 190-199 Garathy, S. Stuart, R. McNally, L. ABC News (8th December 2016). Sydney lockout laws relaxed as part of a two-year trial, opinion divided whether the change is enough. Available at: Golembiewski, J.A. (June 2012). Moving from theory to praxis on the fly; Introducing a salutogenic method to expedite mental healthcare provision. The Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 27 (2): 4247. Hicks, D.L.; Hicks, J.H. Maldonado, B. (January 2016). Women as policymakers and donors: female legislators and foreign aid. European Journal of Political Economy. Elsevier, 41: 4660. doi:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2015.10.007 Kajang, Y.G (2015). Indices that can ensure the Health Security of Children in Nigeria (PDF). International Journal of Information Research and Review, 2: 371375. Knaus, C. (December 2016).The Guardian: lockout laws, mike baird announce relaxation are enough. Available at: Lindmark, U. Wagman, P., Whlin, C., Rolander, B. (2016). Workplace health in dental care a salutogenic approach. International Journal of Dental Hygiene, DOI:10.1111/idh.12257 Macdonald, J. Welsh, R. (2012). The Shed at Mt Druitt and the social determinants of Aboriginal Mens Health. Available at: Macdonald, J. J. (2010). Health equity and the social determinants of health in Australia, Social Alternative, 29(2), 34-40 Macdonald, J.J. (2005). The environment for health: A Salutogenesis approach. London, Sterling, VA: Earthscan. Pp 79-85 Marmot, M. (2005). The social determinant of health inequities, Lancet; 365: 1099-104 Pega, F. Veale, J. (2015). The case for the World Health Organization's Commission on Social Determinants of Health to address gender identity. American Journal of Public Health, 105 (3): e5862. Doi:10.2105/ajph.2014.302373 Pega, F.; Valentine, N.; Rasanathan, K.; Hosseinpoor, A.R. Neira, M. (2017). The need to monitor actions on the social determinants of health. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 95 (11): 784787. Available at: https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/95/11/16-184622/en/ Raphael, D. (2014). Beyond policy analysis: The raw politics behind opposition to the healthy public policy. Health Promotion International, 30: 38096. doi:10.1093/heapro/dau044 Raphael, D. (2010). Staying Alive: Critical Perspectives on Health, Illness, and Health Care. Canada: Canadian Scholars Press. p.159. Rickards, L. (2011). Rural health: problems, prevention and positive outcomes, in H. Sykes (ed.), Health, Albert Park, Vic., Future Leaders, pp.149-173, Simandan, D., (2018). Rethinking the health consequences of social class and social mobility: Social Science Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.037 Wilkison, R. Marmot, M. {Eds.} (2003). Social determinants of health: the solid facts (2nd ed.). Copenhagen: Centre for Urban Health World Health Organization

David by Michelangelo Essay Example

David by Michelangelo Paper Name: Tutor: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on David by Michelangelo specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on David by Michelangelo specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on David by Michelangelo specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer David by Michelangelo David is a Renaissance sculpture that was formed between 1502 and 1504, by the Italian sculptor, Michelangelo. The sculpture is a 17-foot marble bust that displays a naked standing male. The character used in the sculpture represents the biblical King David, a special subject in Florentine art. The sculpture was initially commissioned as one of a set of masterpieces of prophets to be situated alongside the roofline of the Florence Cathedral. However, the statue was alternatively placed in the Palazzo della Signoria public square, in Florence City where it was made public in 1504. Because of the personality of the individual it represented, it soon came to denote the defense of social liberties embodied in Florence, a self-governing city-state endangered from all directions by powerful adversary states. The original statue was relocated to the Accademia Gallery in Florence and replaced with a replica at the same location. Historical background Before Michelangelo became involved in the development of the statue, the management at the Florence Cathedral had planned to erect twelve massive Old Testament effigies that would also act as the buttresses for the building. In fact, work had already started on these sculptures led by Donatello (Joshua and David sculpture) and Agostino’s unfinished David sculpture. However, just before the project was complete, the cathedral management ran into the challenge of how to hoist the sculpture onto the roof. Finally, they appointed a team of several artists to deliberate on the most appropriate location for the statue. Interpretation of the sculpture Michelangelo’s David was slightly different from earlier representations of the theme in that the biblical character was not portrayed as the killer of the giant Goliath. Typically, David was always represented as holding Goliath’s head, and, in fact, Verrocchio and Donatello sculpted their own works with this traditional inclusion. Most academics believe that the masterpiece showed David when he was preparing for a battle with Goliath. Instead of showing signs of victory over an enemy mightier than he was, David’s face displayed a lot of tension and preparedness for combat. The muscles in his neck stood out stiffly; his facial especially his upper lip was taut; his forehead was wrinkled, and his eyes appeared to concentrate attentively on a far away object. While veins were protruding from his lowered hand, his body was in a tranquil pose, and he was armed with his sling that was lying offhandedly over his shoulder. The calm pose itself was dissimilar from any other earlier representations of David; Both Verrocchio and Donatello had created sculptures of David standing triumphant over Goliath’s head while Andrea del Castagno had portrayed the character while he was swinging his weapon and Goliath’s head down at his feet. However, the entire range of masterpieces done by earlier Florentine artist had not failed to include the Philistine giant overall. The difference between his powerful appearance and his peaceful pose, possibly suggested that David’s sculpture represented his demeanor after he decided to wrestle Goliath, but before the real encounter. The large part of his body mass was stressed on his back leg in a manner consistent with the Renaissance tradition of portraying its subjects in retreated, composed positions, just before they sprung into action. Michelangelo’s representation was that of the period between mindful choice and conscious battle. Michelangelo’s David was a Renaissance understanding of a general historical Greek theme of the upright valiant male nude. In the High Renaissance, contrapposto styles were regarded as a characteristic feature of historic sculpture. In David, the form stands with one leg supporting its complete weight and the other leg loosened up. This traditional pose makes the statue’s shoulders and hips to sit at conflicting angles, creating a small s-curve to the complete upper body. Additionally, the head was twisted to the left, whereas the left arm was lifted towards his left shoulder and his sling that was thrown on his back. Michelangelo’s David became one of the most celebrated sculptures of Renaissance sculpture, becoming a representation of both might and youthful human attractiveness. The gigantic mass of the sculpture was the most extraordinary feature of Michelangelo’s statue compared to that of his rivals. One of the artists, Vasari described the sculpture as a marvel created by Michelangelo that had the ability to bring to life the past memories of the dead. He concluded by mentioning all the other marvelous creations that were done by Michelangelo over the Renaissance period. The sizes of David and other sculptures were an atypical feature of Michelangelo’s efforts; the effigy had an abnormally large head and limbs especially the right hand. These exaggerations may be because the effigy would have been initially displayed on the cathedral rooftop, where the significant parts of the statue would unavoidably be emphasized in order to be noticeable from below. The statue was also abnormally slim when compared to its height. While most artist would have attributed this difference to individual taste, it was probably Michelangelo’s oversight that could not be rectified. It is probable that David was envisaged as a political effigy before Michelangelo started to sculpt it. Definitely, David had long been perceived as a political character in Florentine culture, and pictures of the Biblical personality were already influencing political actions there. Donatello’s David made of pure bronze as a distinct feature in the Medici family quarters. Later on, it still assumed a political role at the Palazzo della Signoria courtyard, where it represented the Republican government. Analysts have even pointed out that David’s undamaged penis that went against Judaic practice was in line with the traditions of Renaissance art. Conclusion Michelangelo’s David arrived from the Piazza della Signoria in 1873 due to the threat of natural erosion that would erode the sculpture as well as intentional damage. There were undocumented reports of vandalism in 1991 hen a man defaced the statue. After this incident, the statue was considered for renovation several times. A replica of the sculpture was however, made and placed in the exact position, in Piazza della Signoria. In spite of the awareness of the statue’s illustration, the utter magnitude of the marble effigy always surprised all the contemporaries and even the present day viewers. The present connection between Florence City and David is highly political. Since the Renaissance period, Florence perceived the David statue as a symbol of the city. David’s power, bravery and youthful assurance were the picture that Florence needed to project. In the 14th century, Florence regained its position as a republic. David signified the city’s sovereignt y from unknown authority, both the aristocracy and colonialists. Like Florence, David illustrated a calm power that was often overlooked by many. The strategic position outside the state offices also made it seem like he was a guard that reminded the citizens to defend bravely and lead fairly.

BILL GATES, HIS STORY essays

BILL GATES, HIS STORY essays The second of three children born to a lawyer and a teacher, Bill Gates attended private school, where he discovered his interest in software. Bill Gates introduction to computers occurred during his years at Lakeside, an all-boy private school. There, Gates joined the Lakeside Programmers Group, which included Paul Allen, who would later join Gates as co-founder of Microsoft. There he continued to excel in math and science, and soon developed a pivotal interest in computers. Gates gained access to the ASR-33 Teletype, a slow and noisy computer. He was fascinated by the machine and began spending time with a group of friends that included Paul Allen. The group named itself the Lakeside Programmers Group. During his Lakeside years, Gates set up his first company, Logic Simulation, with his best friend Kent Evans. Gates graduated from Lakeside in 1973 with a perfect 800 math score in his Scholastic Aptitude Test. In September 1973, he entered Harvard. In January 1975, during Gatess second year at Harvard, he and Paul Allen contacted MITS, a computer company that had recently built the popular Altair 8800. Gates and Allen offered to produce software that would make this computer work. In June 1975, he took a leave of absence from Harvard to join Allen at MITS. He returned in September to begin the academic year, but in January he left once more, never to return. In April 1975, Gates and Allen founded Micro-soft (the hyphen was removed later) formulating a partnership of 60/40 in Gatess favor. Microsoft aimed to put a computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft software. Gates was only 19 years old. By December 1978, Microsoft had had its first million-dollar sales year. On July 21, 1980 computing powerhouse IBM contacted Bill Gates. Currently involved in building a new personal computer, IBM needed software. Although Microsoft was able to supply IBM with languages for the PC, the compan...

Post traumatic architecture Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Post traumatic architecture - Dissertation Example The end of the whole process is going to be quite tempting to discover if the purpose of healing was achieved or not. Main dissertation body National September 11 Memorial & Museum A World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition was setup in order to welcome designs on how the World Trade Center site could be reconstructed as a memorial to the victims of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack. This competition was won by Michael Arad, an Israeli-American architect of Handel Architects. His design was called â€Å"Reflecting Absence† and its main feature included a reflecting pool and a tree-filled plaza which was blended into the city’s landscape (Meehan, 2011). With the collaboration of other architects, including landscape architects, the design was perfected. Families of the victims were also consulted in relation to the placement of the names of about 3000 victims killed that day (Dunlap, 2011). Landscape architects also helped to tweak the design especially in term s of the forest of trees which would surround the reflecting pools. Ten years following the disaster, on September 11, 2011, a dedication ceremony was held at the memorial and following the ceremony, the plaza was opened to the public. The design included two pools with manmade waterfalls cascading over the sides; the pools were placed at the sites where the Twin Towers used to stand. Each pool measures about an acre. Both pools were meant to symbolize the loss of life and the emptiness caused by the terrorist attacks on September 11. The sound of the water falls were also meant to reduce the sound of the city, creating a place which was to be a source of comfort and sanctuary to the visitors. Close to 400 sweet gum and swamp white oak trees took up the other 6 acres left of the memorial plaza. This further gave the area a sense of isolation from the city bustle. The names of the victims were then written into 76 bronze plates and attached to the walls at the edges of the pools (Bla is, 2011). The names included the victims of the September 11 attacks from the Twin Towers, as well as the victims from Arlington Virginia, and those from Pennsylvania. The names of the rescuers were also included in the bronze plates along with the six victims from the February 1993 World Trade Center bombing. The arrangement of the names was also very much important to the design as the groupings and adjacencies were based on family relations as well as company or organization affiliations. In effect, the names of families were set alongside each other; the names of first responders were grouped alongside the names of their units; and the names of co-workers were also written alongside each other. The design for the memorial site also included a Survivor Tree. The tree is a callery pear tree which was previously recovered from the rubbles of ground zero World Trade Center site in October of 2001 while retrieval workers were trying to look for survivors. The tree was about 8 feet t all and severely burned, but it had one living branch (Sudol, 2011). It was a tree which has long been at the site for decades before the attack, planted originally in the 1970s. It was later cared for by Arthur Ross from the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. The tree was not expected to

Copy right issues Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Copy right issues - Assignment Example After this period, the teacher can only use it after a license has been obtained for its permanent inclusion into the teaching curriculum. When a teacher buys a CD and installs the interactive math software in all the computers in the classroom, it is a violation of copyrights. This is because software are also protected by the federal copyright laws, and educational facilities are not exempted. Installing the software in three different computers is the same as making duplicate copies of the product (CNI, 2014). Title 17 of the US Code clearly spells out that it is not legal to make duplicated copies without the permission of the copy right holder. Section 117 only gives permission for making backup copies. This implies that the teacher has violated the copy right laws (CNI, 2014). In this case, the student would not be violating copy right laws. This is due to the exception given to education facilities and scholars to use copyrighted materials without the permission of the owner under the Fair Use provision (Electronic Frontier Foundation, 2013). This provision requires that the amount and the substantiality of the section used amounts to smoothing, which is taken to be fair in relation to the white piece. Since the student has decided to only use the soundtrack, which is a small quantity of the work in his academic work, it has no significant effect on the entire product (Electronic Frontier Foundation, 2013). As such, no law has been violated. a. Yes, the teacher can distribute the pictures in word documents for the students. Display of visual images in a classroom is governed by the US Copyright Law, as well as the TEACH Act. Section 110(1) allows the use of the images for educational purposes, including through electronic courseware (Electronic Frontier Foundation, 2013). b. This will depend on whether the teacher has received permission and license from the copyright holder.

Comparing Current Economic Crisis And Great Depression Economics Essay

Comparing Current Economic Crisis And Great Depression Economics Essay Comparing current economic crisis and Great Depression. The current U.S economic crisis that begun August 2007 has plunged the country into a very dangerous phase in the U.S economic performance (Hilsenrath and Paletta, 4). The great decline in stock market which reduced spending and wealth among people resembles to the great economic depression (Katz, 10). The Great Depression was an economic recession that eroded stock market wealth and eventually spilled to other sectors of the economy (Hilsenrath and Paletta, 4). During the Great Depression, it has been recorded that Dow-gold ratio reduced substantially to a lower of 47 percent, most similar to the 42 percent experienced in the current crisis. The enraging crisis also foresaw crippling of most financial institutions due to bad loans and many banks had to freeze lending from 1929. There has been similar experience in the current crisis as the credit markets are on verge of collapsing. In 2008, sum credit in financial institutions has reduced by more than 250 percent while bad debt level has gone below 350 percent market (Waggoner, 1). The two crisis have shown similarities when comparing the trends in real estate. Like in the 1929 Great Depression, there has been a great overvaluation of the real estate. Problems in real estate have been the main factors contributing to the current crisis (Delong, 2). Under the global monetary system, dollar is converted with gold which means all the over currencies are only converted to gold or the Pound. However, this has become completely different since the dollar which is converted to gold has not been able to meet monetary conditions for conversion to gold standard which has destabilized world monetary system (Petrov, 2). Government response to the crisis is similar. In the current crisis, the United States government has signed a multibillion economic stimulus package totaling to $700 billion. This was a similar strategy which was taken in the Great Depression but in both economic crises, the economic stimulus package has not lived to its expectations (Stewart, 2). It is still acceptable to say that the current economic crisis resembles the great economic depression of 1929 because the high rates of unemployment that was witnessed during the depression has also affected the United State economy where many people have remained jobless and retrenchment rates have been at its peak. The current rate of unemployment stands at 6.1 percent which is even below the 1992 rate which was 7.8 percent. Similarly those still employed are under fear of loosing there jobs people anytime if efforts towards recovery does not succeed (Waggoner, 3). It is said that unemployment rate hit 10 % for the past two years. Research shows that the job crisis in America reached a point where both the underemployed and unemployed stopped searching for jobs and the rate of those looking for full time job but they could only get part time job reached 17.4 %. The rates of job crisis in America is said to be the highest figures in the world and continuity of such trends in Americ a will certainly change the new generation and the life course (peck, 2). The economic crisis in America forced president Franklin D. Roosevelt and the congress of the time to create FDIC with an aim of providing the federal state guarantee of deposits so the inception of FDIC in America granted people with certain amount of money guarantee of their money and those who deposited their finance with FDIC were very certain that their money was safe even if bank failure occurs (FDIC, 1). How U.S economic crisis is different from the great depression What need to be reflected first is that the 1929 occurrences were termed as a depression while the current situation in America is a recession. Scholars have said that the current economic crisis in United States is unlikely to culminate into the 1929 great economic depression. Some of the notable differences between the two include the following: During the economic depression the dollar was devalued relative to gold. Currently, there is absence of gold standard that serves as a restriction to the amount of money supply that can be expanded since the gold standard was abolished in 1971 thereby making the restriction of the dollar being tied to gold standards a nightmare in today world (Krugman, 3). During Great Depression, America economy was not ridden by bad debts as it is today. Currently, U.S economy has introduced credit cards that never existed in 1929. Similarly national debt and deficits in money available for spending was significantly lower than it is today where Americas debt is largely owned by foreigners who may easily devalue the dollar through selling dollar reserves and treasury bonds a decision that may lead to an international war. Although the economic crisis has caused pain in America economy for instance collapse in financial market, overvaluation of real estate, fall in energy prices, collapse of industrial centers and existence of recession in many sectors of the economy there are hopes that some cities will recover much better than before the occurrence of financial crisis since there are almost fifteen areas in the economy that are still expanding such as oil and natural resources (Florida, 4). Similarities between japans crisis of 1990s and the U.S Economic crisis The financial market stress that hit American economy resembles Japanese market crisis after 1997. Its recorded that various banking institutions and securities greatly affected financial markets thereby leading to increased crisis in the banking system of the two countries. Likewise asset market was greatly hit with no indications of bottoming out which is similar to American real estate market. It is also indicated that great losses were noted in the financial market where cases of bad loans were prevalent and this is said to have held the recovery of Japan economy (IMF, 1). In both economies, the economic crisis led to decline in consumers consumption habits since prices for goods were unaffordable thereby making consumers to minimize their spending potential with a view that in the near future prices will fall due to decline in demand. The period between 1980, Japanese monetary authorities flooded markets with liquidity so as to enhance the business to cope up with the rising value of Japanese yen. The excessive flow of money in the economy by 1990s led to immediate increase in the market value of equities and land since many investors directed their finances in real estate business (Posen, 6). Differences between japans crisis of 1990s and the U.S Economic crisis. Although the crisis in America and Japan were spearheaded by weak regulation and easy credit, policy makers argue that Japanese crisis looked larger than the American one because Japanese crisis stretched and affected the asset prices which were believed to be three to four times bigger than the American (Peck, 2). The banking crisis in the two economies shows that the American crisis was quite uncharacteristic since it shows household profligacy whereas the Japanese banking crisis comprised borrowing of finances by firms. In Japan for instance the sum bank losses on bad debts was almost 20% of the gross domestic product between 1993 to 2005 (Dick, 2008). Trends shows that policy response to the crisis in America were quicker and this made America move into the second of and manageable fiscal stimulus package. The U.S took quicker steps to revive the banks through the use of public funds within one year while Japan took eight years to recapitalize its banking systems (Mikitini, 2000). The lesson learnt from Japanese economic crisis is that the buying habits of consumers changes negatively when the rate of inflation is very high thus consumption rate of consumers decreases because they anticipate that prices of the products and services will fall in the near future where the will be able to buy at low prices and make some savings (Delong, 8).. It can be said that current governments came up with a number of policies to counter the effects of economic crisis for instance in America the federal reserve system kept the interest rates very low and expanded supply of money in the economy. Similarly many governments adopted the policy of reducing payments on housing loans. The strategy by federal government to inject more money into banking system in 2004 to 2006 helped increase the targeted federal money to more than the normal rate of 5% which reduced demand for houses thus fall in prices for houses hence solving the bubbles in the real estate management. Federal government also began bailing companies and banks that were collapsing such as GM, AIG and Chrysler and this helped to stimulate recovery of many banks and companies (Gene, 3). Work Cited Cavallo, Eduardo. Dealing with the crisis: Lessons from America. Retrieved Marc 6, 2010 from http://www.voxeu.org/index.php?q=node/3358, 2009. Florida, Richard. How the Crash Will Reshape America. Retrieved March 6, 20106 from http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2009/03/how-the-crash-will-reshape-america/7293/, 2008. Hilsenrath, Jon S., and Paletta, Damian. Worst crisis since 1930s with no end yet in sight. Retrieved March 6, 20106 from http: //online.wsj.com/article/SB122169431617549947.html. 2008. Stewart, Heather. International monetary fund says U.S crisis is largest financial shock since Great Depression. Retrieved March 6, 20106 from http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2008/apr/09/useconomy.subprimecrisis, 2008. Waggoner, John. Is todays economic crisis another Great Depression? Retrieved March 6, 20106 from http://www.usatoday.com/money/economy/2008-11-03-economy-depression-recession_N.htm, 2008. Peck, Don. How a new jobless era will transform America? Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2010/03/how-a-new-jobless-era-will-transform-america/7919/, 2009. International monetary fund. Japans policy response to its financial crisis: parallel with the U.S Today. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/2009/031909.htm, 2009. Dick, K. Nanto. U.S financial crisis: Lessons from Japan. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/110816.pdf, 2008 Shirakawa, Masaaki. Way out of economic and financial crisis. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/110816.pdf,2009. Mikitani, Ryoichi. Japans financial crisis and its parallel to America experience. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://bookstore.piie.com/book-store/319.html, 2000. Tabuchi, Hiroko. Japans stationery decade cautionery tales for U.S. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/13/business/economy/13yen.html, 2009. Katz, Richard. Todays Americas financial crisis is not like Tokyos lost decade. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from ttp://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/64823/richard-katz/the-japan-fallacy. Bank of Japan. Way out of economic and financial crisis: Lessons and policy actions. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://www.boj.or.jp/en/type/press/koen07/ko0904c.htm, 2009. Posen, S. Adam and Mikitani, Ryoichi. Japans financial crisis and its parallel to U.S experience. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://www.amazon.com/Financial-Parallels-Experience-Institute-International/dp/088132289X, 2009. Federal deposit Insurance Corporation. Why FDIC was created in U.S. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://www.fdic.gov/about/learn/learning/why/index.html,2004. Krugman, Paul. Monetary policy. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/12/14/samuelson-friedman-and-monetary-policy/, 2009. Foreign policy. Top 100 global thinkers. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/11/30/the_fp_top_100_global_thinkers, 2009. Delong, J. Bradford. The great crash and the great slump. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://econ161.berkeley.edu/TCEH/Slouch_Crash14.htm, 1997. Beland, Daniel, and Francois vergniolle. Fighting big government. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst;jsessionid=LSyGk7VKC9CmgGkxbNp0mSm7LpLnv8K1tJY3jtmkhvJJGYsQ22pX!-1504265975!1494505646?docId=5006720711, 2005. Smiley, Gene. Great depression and current economic crisis. Retrieved March 6, 2010 from http://www.institute.sk/article.php?3100, 2009.

An Report On Darlie Toothpaste’ S Integrated Marketing

1.0 INTRODUCTION1.1 AuthorizationThe CEO of the Haolai Company requested this report on 16, May. The purpose of this report is to provide an analysis of Darlie toothpaste’s current marketing situation and integrated marketing communication program (IMC). It aims to create a new promotional tool to for the target market.1. 2 LimitationsThere’re some limitations in the production of the report. To begin with, there’s not much information about the Darlie’s company can be found in the web. I just can find the Haolai Company is a chemical industry company.Besides, there is also not much information about the Darlie toothpaste in some authority business magazines and books. Sometimes, I just make a realistic assumption. 1. 3 Scope The scope of the report limited to integrated marketing communication in five areas: the current marketing situation analysis, the used IMC program analysis, the IMC plans will be developed, media plan and some recommendations for the Darlie toothpaste.2.0 BACKGROUND2.1 About the companyDarlie is a brand of the world's best oral care products manufacturer which is named Haolai chemical industry. In the 1930, the recipe of Darlie was developed.At the beginning, Darlie’s production and operation is in the Kowloon, Hong Kong. In 1997, Darlie transferred all the toothpaste products from Hong Kong to the Chinese mainland. Today, the Darlie has become one of the best-selling brands in toothpaste market in China and south Asia.2. 2 About DarlieThe main products of Darlie are toothpaste and toothbrush. The concept of Darlie is healthy white teeth and pure fresh breath makes you every day full of confident smile. Darlieh has different kinds of toothpaste according to different effects too satisfy the different needs of consumers.It has four Series: fresh breath, teeth whitening, anti-sensitivity and for children.2. 3 Competitor analysisIn the current toothpaste market, it exits many competitors such as: Crest, Col gate, China, bamboo salt, Amway and so on. Analyzing Crest, it is one brand of Procter & Gamble which was born in 1955. It's famous for excellent high-decay toothpaste. And it is the first to be recognized by the world authority on oral-organization – the American Dental Association (ADA) decay toothpaste. Compare with Darlie, Crest's market share occupy all over the world not just Asia.In June 1996, Crest came to China and after one year, it has already been known by everybody in China. The brand concept of Crest is: ‘keep your smile healthy and beautiful ‘. There are two types of Crest toothpaste: series of healthy and series of whitening. Besides, every type of Crest has different products. For toothpaste, Crest has the similar benefits with Darlie such whitening, fresh breath and so on. But the most famous benefit of Crest toothpaste is preventing tooth decay and protecting tooth effectively. About Crest' s promotion, advertisement on television and internet a re the main ways.But crest has advantages of Darlie, because crest's advertisement is high-frequency.2.4 Target marketThe toothpaste market can be segment into different parts on the basis of geographic, demographic, psychologic and behavior variables. According to Hawkins, Mothersbaugh & Best (2007, p16): ‘Perhaps the most important marketing decision is a firm makes is the selection of one or more market segments on which to focus. ’ Firstly, Darlie toothpaste is in consumers’ good graces in Southeast Asia because of its advanced technology and unique recipe of product.Besides, it is popular in coastland of Guangdong province. On the side of demographic, there are not many people know the brand name and features of Darlie In addition, females will pay more attention on choosing toothpaste than males. In terms of psychological, consumers’ individuation demand is increasing with the development of economy and technology. In other words, consumers pursue ne w feelings, health, white, nature and useful in the modern society. Moreover, young consumers prefer to the multi-functional toothpaste which can provide special feelings like tea fragrance.From the perspective of behavioral, toothpastes are necessary products in people’s daily life and consumers will buy toothpastes routinely. Besides, young consumers will choose the new products and abroad brands because of their individuation demand. Furthermore, spinsterhood will buy fewer products once than married people and promotion methods affect consumers heavily. In this report, the target market focus on the consumers who like the tea fragrance and want to fresh breath.2. 5 The Darlie toothpaste's positioning strategyThere are five competitive advantages for Darlie. Firstly, it has a good management system. Darlie encourages its employees to innovate with a reasonable remuneration and reward. It can motivate the employees to work out the new technology to enrich the products. Seco ndly, Darlie is good at research and development. As the needs of consumers are changing quickly, so it often makes the change of products like in quality, style and shape, and it continue to introduce new products to meet customer needs. In addition, Darlie has a strong channel advantage.It not only has distribution channels and end-channels, but also has a geographic strategy, so that it can sale the products through different ways in different areas. Besides, quality service is another strength for Darlie. The good service will shorten the checkout process and satisfy the consumers’ needs, and then makes the customers have a good memory to the products. Last but not the least, freshen breath is Darlie’s important characteristic. Many people think that freshen breath is an important function of toothpaste (2011).The main function of Darlie toothpaste is breath fresh, so that it will have a fixed group customer.3.0 IMC PROGRAM3. 1 The promotional elements mixThere are six elements in IMC mix: advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, publicity, internet marketing and direct marketing. Darlie uses three elements of promotional mix in current market, which is advertising, sales promotion and internet/interactive marketing. Firstly, advertising is Darlie's main way of promotion. It uses mass media such as TV, radio, magazine, newspapers to attract consumers. The most important promotional tool of Darile is TV advertisements.Darile input much money in inviting stars as its spokesperson. Besides, it also spends a lot of money on broadcasting TV advertising. For Darile, advertising is a valuable tool for targeting mass consumer market. Secondly, in the promotional mix is sales promotion. Darile also has two major categories: consumer-oriented and trade-oriented activities. In supermarket, businessmen always use coupons, samples, premiums, rebates, contests to stimulate short-term sales. And in the current, Darile has many different selling ways such as wholesalers, distribution, and retailers.The third variable in the promotional mix is interactive/ internet marketing, which changes by the development of technology. For Darile, in traditional market, consumers only get information from advertising and buy toothpastes and toothbrush in supermarket and stores. But now Darile advertise their products on the websites. Consumers can purchase the products on the Internet or by the telephone. Then the products can be de lived to your home directly. Besides, if the consumers have some inquiries or questions, they can call the customer service Hartline or in online message.The interactive/internet marketing brings many advantages to Darlie's promotion.3. 2 The low-involvement hierarchyAs toothpaste is usually used in people’s daily life, so Darlie is belonging to the low-involvement hierarchy of customer response process. The sequence of low-involvement hierarchy is learn-do feel. It means that the involvement in buying Darl ie is low and the customers are viewed as passing from cognition to behavior to attitude.3. 3 IMC objectivesDarile has three promotional mix elements are being used for IMC objectives based on the response process.As Mothersbaugh & Best (2007, p 8) explans:'Integrate marketing communications involves coordinating the various promotional elements and other marketing activities that communicate with a firm's customers. ‘ At first, advertising is a valuable tool for building brand equity. Darile’s advertising transfer the name, logo, symbols, design, packaging and performance to consumers. Because Darile is low-involvement hierarchy of customer response process, it needs faithful relationship to repeat purchase. Secondly, sales promotion is a shift marketplace power from manufacturers to retailers.People can buy Darlie's products in local retails such as Wal-Mart. And the retailers have more promotional tools than manufacturers to sell. Thirdly,The business of Darlie chang e from traditional market to Internet with the rapid growth of technology. Besides, traditional media advertising in TV or broadcast is replaced by internet advertising.4. 0 DEVELP THE IMC PLAN4. 1 New promotional toolPersonal selling is as a new promotional tool for Darlie toothpaste. Unlike advertising, personal selling is face-to-face communication between buyers and sellers.In this report, the target consumers of Darlie is people who like tea aroma and want to fresh breath. The Personal contact in selling focuses more on consumers’ specific need or situation than other promotional tools. Sellers can communicate with the target consumers through telephone, QQ, MSN and email to know their needs and give services. It is more flexible and convenient. Besides, Personal selling also is good to get feedback to modify the types of products according to different needs. For example, if the person has Gums bleeding, sell g the Anti-allergic Darlie toothpaste.And in this way, it can build loyal customer relationships and Brand loyalty.4. 2 Major selling ideaDarlie’s ideal market share occupy overall all the ages of the consumers. But In current intense toothpaste competitive market in China, it is impossible. Comparing with the other competitor such as Crest, Amway, China, the central theme of Darlie toothpaste is ‘fresh breath’. And the target market is the person who like tea aroma. Before selling, sellers can make a questionnaire for analyzing the toothpaste market. Darcie can develop specific taste and efficacy of toothpaste, according to the customer's dental health and taste preferences.And the seller s also needs to provide good after-sales service for audiences. They can send some new samples; tell them some knowledge to protect teeth, and how to brush teeth correctly.5. 0 GREATIVE STRATEGY5. 1 Implementation of the creative strategyThe creative strategy including: advertising appeal, execution style, creative tactics, and media veh icle can be used in development and implementation of an advertising message. Advertising appeal has two categories: information/rational appeals and emotional appeals.In order to emphasize the Darlie toothpaste’s feature of fresh breath and transfer the fragrance of tea of Darlie toothpaste to the consumers, information/rational appeal of advertisement is better. Using the advertising appeal, people will know more about Darlie toothpaste not only the brand name but also the specific feature. The creative execution style of the Darlie toothpaste is direct and concise. When people see the advertisement at first glance, they can recognize the brand of the Darlie toothpaste. And it is also beautiful, which make people feel fresh and cool. Creative tactics is used to design the actual advertisement.It has two different types: for print advertising and for television. In this report, the picture is designed for print advertising. Firstly, the background of the print is Danas. And in spring morning, fog around the Danas, which makes people feel fresh. Secondly, it uses the direct headlines, ‘Daile toothpaste, and the fragrance of tea’. It is in the top of the print, which is not very big. As Mothersbaugh & Best (2007, p 311):' they are often more effective at attracting reads’ attention and interest because they provoke curiosity and lure readers into the body copy to learn an answer or get explanation. On the left of the words, it is a small teapot. And on the right, it is a new design Darile toothpaste.The Chinese ‘cha xiang’ and English words ‘the fragrance of tea’ print on the body of the toothpaste. It also has the symbol of Darlie, a head portrait. Secondly, in this print, the body copy is the main point. The picture shows that a toothbrush sends out a ray of tea aroma. And the most important is that the tea aroma uses a figure of teapot. And in the teapot, it prints One Chinese word‘cha‘which is written by Chinese style. This advertisement can be used to two media vehicles, the print media and the support media.Magazines and newspapers are two types of the print media. And there are many types of the support media, like outdoor advertising, aerial advertising, transit advertising, promotional products, and yellow pages advertising and so on. The designed picture can be enlarged or narrowed according to different sizes.5. 2 Evaluation of the creative strategyIn this report, the target consumers of Darlie is people who like tea aroma and want to fresh breath. And Darlie toothpaste is belonging to the low-involvement hierarchy of customer response process.It means that the involvement in buying Darlie is low. Besides, Haolai Company is not as well-funded as Procter & Gamble. So it does not have enough funds to input in advertisement. So this creative strategy for print advertising has its own advantages and disadvantages. First at all, the tea fragrance of Darlie toothpaste i s one of the most important advantages. It is a specific smell and taste which other toothpastes have. It has good effects on creating awareness among the target market. Besides, the advertisements on magazines can be accepted by consumers more easily.Most audiences pay much attention to the magazine when they read it. Toothpaste is a low-involvement product, while magazines can express the information about the product to the target market effectively. In addition, it saves the cost. It does not need Celebrity endorsements and TV ads, which is expensive. While there are also some disadvantages. One of the disadvantages is current market saturation. Too many companies select to use advertising medium. The Darlie toothpaste’s promotional products may be ignored by consumers. Besides, TV ads appear more frequent than print adverting.The print ads can not impress the consumers repeat by repeat in a short time. Moreover, it lacks of the effect of celebrity, which make low brand l oyalty.6.0 CONCLUSIONSAfter analyzing the current market of the Darlie toothpaste, it can be concluded that:6.1 The current marketing situation of Darlie toothpaste, the including the background about the company, market share, the introduction about the product , competitive analysis, the Darlie toothpaste’s target market and Darlie’s positioning strategy.6. 2 Three promotional elements of the IMC mix have been used in the report.Advertising, sales promotion and interactive/ internet marketing, the IMC program such as the low-involvement hierarchy and the Darlie toothpaste’s IMC objectives have been discussed in the report.6.3 Developing the Darlie toothpaste’s IMC plan. New promotional tool and major selling idea has been made.6.4 Implementation and evaluation of the creative strategy7.0 RECOMMENDATIONIt is recommended that:7. 1 As a low-involvement product, the company should pay more attention to the brand when advertising on mass media.7. 2 Personal selling is as a new promotional tool for Darlie toothpaste.The company should strength the communication between consumers and sellers.7. 3 Free samples and bundling can be used. And the company can promote the toothbrushes in the supermarkets by setting an experience place for attract more consumers. The company should develop specific taste and efficacy of toothpaste, according to the customer's dental health and taste preferences. Besides, good after-sales service for audiences is necessary.7. 4 The new creative strategy for print advertising can be used. It can build the Darlie toothpaste‘s image of fresh breath.